Imbuyekezo yempazamo efanelekileyoizinzwa zoncedosisitshixo kwisicelo sabo. Izinzwa zoxinzelelo ikakhulu zinempazamo yemvakalelo, impazamo ye-Offset, impazamo ye-hysteris, kunye nempazamo yomgca. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ngeendlela ezi mpazamo zine kunye nefuthe labo kwiziphumo zovavanyo. Kwangelo xesha, kuya kwazisa iindlela zokulinganisa iingcimo kunye nemizekelo yomzekelo wokuphucula ukuchaneka kwemilinganiselo.
Okwangoku, kukho oosoqonga beenzwa kwimarike, evumela iinjineli zoyilo ukukhetha izifo ezifunwayo zenkqubo. Ezi zinzwayo zibandakanya zombini ezona zisisiseko zokuguqula kunye neenzwa eziphezulu eziphezulu kakhulu ngesekethe i-on-chip. Ngenxa yoomehluko, iinjineli zoyilo kufuneka zilwele ukuhlawula iimpazamo zokulinganisa kwizifo zenzwa, esilinyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iimfuno zenzwayo zihlangabezana neYilo kunye neemfuno zesicelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, imbuyekezo inokuphucula ukusebenza kweenzwa kwizicelo.
Iikhonsepthi ezixutyushwe kweli nqaku zisebenza kuyilo nasekusetyenzisweni kwezinzwa ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo, ezinamanqanaba amathathu:
1. Isiseko okanye esingavumiyo;
2. Kukho ukungalinganisi kunye nembuyekezo yobushushu;
3. Inomlinganiso, imbuyekezo, kunye ne-amunition.
Ukucima, ubugcisa bohlobo, kunye nembuyekezo yobushushu yonke inokuthi ifezekiswe ngakothuna lwefilimu, esebenzisa ulungiso lwe-laser ngexesha lokupakisha. Lenzwa idla ngokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo ne-microcontroller, kunye nesoftware efakwe kwi-microcontroller icebe imodeli yemathematics. Emva kokuba i-microcontroller ifundela i-voltage yemveliso, imodeli inokuguqula i-voltage kwixabiso lemilinganiselo yokulinganisa ngokuguqulwa komguquli we-analog-to-digital.
Imodeli elula yemathematics yezinzwayo ngumsebenzi wokudlulisela. Imodeli inokuthi ilindelwe kuyo yonke inkqubo yokulinganisa, kwaye ukukhula kwayo kuya kwanda ngokunyuka kwamanqaku okulinganisa.
Ukusuka kwimbono ye-metrological, impazamo yokulinganisa ineenkcukacha ezingqongqo ngokufanelekileyo: Iphawuleka umahluko phakathi koxinzelelo olulinganayo kunye noxinzelelo. Nangona kunjalo, ihlala ingakwazi ukuba ufumana ngokuthe ngqo ingcinezelo, kodwa inokuqikelelwa ngokusebenzisa imigangatho yovavanyo efanelekileyo. Iingcali zeMetrologist zihlala zisebenzisa izixhobo ngokuchaneka ubuncinci amaxesha ali-10 ngaphezulu kwezixhobo ezilinganiswe njengemigangatho yokulinganisa.
Ngenxa yokuba iinkqubo ezingafakwanga zinokuguqula i-voltical yemveliso yoxinzelelo ukusebenzisa ubuntununtunu obuqhelekileyo kunye nexabiso lokucima.
Impazamo yokuqala yokuqala iqulethe la macandelo alandelayo:
I-1. Impazamo yemvakalelo: ubungakanani bempazamo ovelisiweyo bulungelelaniswe nengcinezelo. Ukuba imvakalelo yesixhobo iphezulu kunexabiso eliqhelekileyo, impazamo yemvakalelo iya kuba ngumsebenzi owandayo woxinzelelo. Ukuba ubuntununtunu bungaphantsi kunexabiso eliqhelekileyo, impazamo yemvakalelo iya kuba kukuncipha komsebenzi woxinzelelo. Isizathu sempazamo kungenxa yotshintsho kwinkqubo yokuma.
I-2.
I-3. Iimpazamo ze-LAG: kwiimeko ezininzi, impazamo ye-LAG zinokutyeshelwa ngokupheleleyo kuba i-selicon ye-sifles inee-staiff zokomelela okuphezulu. Ngokubanzi, impazamo ye-hysteris kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwiimeko apho kukho utshintsho olubalulekileyo kuxinzelelo.
4. Impazamo yelayini: Le yinto enefuthe elincinci kwimpazamo yokuqala, ebangelwa kukungafani kwe-silicon wafer. Nangona kunjalo, kwiinzwa kunye ne-Amplifiers, ukungafani kwe-Amplifier kufuneka kufakwe. I-curve yempazamo yomgca inokuba yi-cocave cull okanye ijika le-convex.
Ukulinganisa kunokuphelisa okanye ukunciphisa kakhulu ezi mpazamo, ngelixa ubuchule bembuyekezo bufuna ukumisela iiparamitha zomsebenzi wenkqubo, kunokuba usebenzise nje amaxabiso aqhelekileyo. I-ponstatiometers, i-resishators eguqukayo, kwaye ezinye izixhobo zokusebenza zinokusetyenziswa kwiNkqubo yeMbuyekezo, ngelixa isoftware inokuphumeza ngokuguquguqukayo kumsebenzi weMvume yeTlula.
Indlela yokulinganisa inqaku inokuhlawula iimpazamo ze-offset ngokuphelisa i-drift kwindawo ye-zero ye-zero yomsebenzi wokudluliselwa, kwaye olu hlobo lwendlela yokulinganisa ibizwa ngokuba zeroing. Uxinzelelo lwe-Offset luhlala lwenziwa kwingcinezelo ye-zero, ngakumbi kwiinzwa ezahlukeneyo, njengexinzelelo lolwahlulo luhlala luyi-0 phantsi kweemeko ezithile zezinto ezithile. Kwizitholo ezicocekileyo, ukulinganisa okungafunekiyo kunzima ngakumbi kuba kufuna inkqubo yokufunda ngoxinzelelo ukulinganisa ixabiso loxinzelelo lwe-Amosic Americ Premmosfici uxinzelelo, okanye umlawuli woxinzelelo ukufumana uxinzelelo olufunwayo.
Ukulungelelaniswa koxinzelelo lwe-zero zeenzwa ezahlukeneyo kuchanekile kakhulu kuba uxinzelelo lokulinganisa lube luncedo. Kwelinye icala, ukuchaneka kwezoliko xa uxinzelelo lungaxhomekeki kwintsebenzo yolawulo lovavanyo okanye inkqubo yokulinganisa.
Khetha uxinzelelo lokulinganisa
Ukukhethwa koxinzelelo lokulinganisa kubaluleke kakhulu njengoko kumisela uluhlu loxinzelelo oluzuzisa ngokuchanekileyo. Ngapha koko, emva kokulinganisa, impazamo yokwenyani incitshisiwe kwindawo yokulinganisa kwaye ihlala ikwixabiso elincinci. Ke ngoko, indawo yokulinganisa kufuneka ikhethwe ngokusekwe kuluhlu loxinzelelo lwethagethi, kwaye uluhlu loxinzelelo alunakuhambelana noluhlu lokusebenza.
Ukwenzela ukuguqula i-voltage yemveliso kwixabiso loxinzelelo, imvakalelo yesiqhelo ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuqina kwenqaku lendawo yemathematics kuba ezona zinto zinemvakalelo zihlala zingaziwa.
Emva kokwenza i-calibet ye-offset (PCAL = 0), ijikajika lempazamo ibonisa i-offtical ye-offtical ivele kwi-curve emnyama emele impazamo ngaphambi kokungasebenzi.
Le ndlela yokulinganisa ineemfuno ezizezayo kunye neendleko zokuphumeza eziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nendlela enye yokulinganisa. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nendlela yokulinganisa inqaku, le ndlela inokuphucula ngokucacileyo ukuchaneka kwale nkqubo kuba inganeli nje kuphela ukuba i-offset, kodwa ikwacula imvakalelo yenzwakazi. Ke ngoko, kwimpazamo ukubala, amaxabiso onemvakalelo anokusetyenziswa endaweni yamaxabiso enkcitho.
Apha, ukulinganisa kwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ze-0-500 megapascals (isika esipheleleyo). Ukususela kwimpazamo kwiindawo zokulinganisa zikufuphi ne-zero, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuseta ngokuchanekileyo la manqaku ukuze ufumane eyona mpazamo incinci yoxinzelelo.
Ezinye izicelo zifuna ukulungiswa okuphezulu ukuba zigcinwe kulo lonke uhlobo loxinzelelo. Kwezi zicelo, indlela yokulinganisa yamanqaku amaninzi inokusetyenziselwa ukufumana ezona ziphumo zibalulekileyo. Kwindlela yokulinganisa yamanqaku amaninzi, kungekuthathwa njengeempazamo zemvakalelo kuphela kwaye imvakalelo yemvakalelo ziqwalaselwa, kodwa iempazamo ezininzi ezixineneyo zithathelwa ingqalelo. Imodeli yemathematics esetyenziswe apha ifana ngqo nenqanaba lesibini lokulinganisa ixesha lesithuba sexesha ngalinye (phakathi kwamanqaku amabini olinganayo).
I-abraibration ezintathu
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, impazamo yomqukumbelo ohambelana, kwaye impazamo ijika ijika ijika kwi-curve ye-quadratic equation, kunye nobungakanani obuqiqisiweyo kunye nobungakanani obuqiqisiweyo kunye nobungakanani obuqiqisiweyo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwiinzwa ezingasebenzisi i-Amplifiers, njengoko i-noplifor yenzwane isisiseko esekwe kwizizathu zoomatshini (ezibangelwa luxinzelelo lwefilimu ye-silicon wafer).
Inkcazo yeempawu zemposiso zendlela ezinokufunyanwa ngokubalwa kwe-APREAR PROORG ye-APREAR yemizekelo eqhelekileyo kunye nokumisela imilinganiselo yomsebenzi wePolynomial (A × 2 + c). Imodeli efunyenwe emva kokumisela i-A, B, kwaye isebenza kakuhle kwiinzwa zohlobo olufanayo. Le ndlela inokuthi ihlawule ngempumelelo iimpazamo ezixineneyo ngaphandle kwemfuneko yendawo yesithathu yokuguqula.
Ixesha lasemva: ngoFebruwari-27-2025